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Each ethical issue is followed by recommended actions as advised by COPE for Journal Editors and when available additional reading has been added. Please note that these guidelines are not intended to provide or substitute legal advice. Six fundamental ethical issues have been defined, and procedures for responding to misconduct have been outlined below. as soon as the media is aware) or legal questions please contact your Springer publishing Editor who will liaise with Corporate Communications and/or JournalgurusвЂ™s Legal Department. In case of potential media attention (e.g.Assess what exactly has happened (fact finding) and be transparent and final about decisions.Raise the issue with the accused (co-)author in a timely manner.Keep records of written communication including the allegation and the evidence of the complainant.Remain a neutral player and treat all potential misconduct cases confidentially.

It is therefore important to treat potential cases with care as academic careers could be at risk.ДЇive steps to follow when encountering possible misconduct: Errors could be due to negligence (for example statistical errors) or honest errors which are part of the normal course of doing research. It should be noted that there are two distinct situations: serious scientific fraud or errors.

Ethical issues and what to do when you are encountering possible misconduct? Please make sure that Guest Editors adhere to the submission process, the peer review process, and the ethical standards of your journal.Д¤.

Inclusion of the necessary ethical statements if requiredД¬ertain Abstracting & Indexing services (notably PubMed) insist on compliance with the ethical requirements вЂConflict of InterestвЂ™, вЂHuman and Animal RightsвЂ™, and вЂInformed ConsentвЂ™ and require authors to declare compliance in their articles.

For more information see COPE Ethical Guidelines for Peer Reviewers. Peer review is fundamental in ensuring the integrity of the scientific publication process and can flag potential misconduct at an early stage.Д¬OPE has developed ethical guidelines for peer reviewers which can be used as a reference for providing guidance to peer reviewers. Criteria: Authoring, Drafting, Reviewing, Approving.

Guidelines on what constitutes authorship and how proposed changes to authorship are handled Although there is no universal definition of what constitutes authorship it is generally believed that authors should be identified by the research group as having contributed sufficiently to the scientific work, who are accountable for their part of the work, and who critically reviewed and approved the final manuscript.

Please note there are no universally agreed rules or regulations. When authors cross over to other disciplines, make sure they are aware of the explicit policies of the journal in order to manage their expectations. It should also be noted that different disciplines have different expectations.

ITHENTICATE PNAS DOES NOT WORK WELL FULL

In these cases, the author is expected to give full disclosure for transparency reasons but it could also be necessary for the author to seek approval from the original publisher.

are extended versions of conference proceedings acceptable?.

are translations of previously published articles acceptable.

What type of content is or is not acceptable for publication? For example:.

that the publication has been approved by all co-authors and responsible authorities at the institute or organization where the work has been carried out.

that copyright has not been breached in seeking its publication.

that the work is not under consideration elsewhere.

that the work has not been published before (except in the form of an abstract or as part of a published lecture, review, or thesis).

Clear guidelines on submission of the work.

Below you will find a few of the most important ethical principles Having clear statements on these issues can encourage responsible publication practices.Д¬OPE has designed guidelines that can be used to audit your journal in order to define which of the processes and practices require attention see your journal.ДЄ clear description of ethical principles will help manage author expectations and will help manage situations that may arise if these statements have not been adhered to by authors. Developing a Publishing Ethics Policy for Your JournalДЄlmost every step in the publishing process involves important ethical principles.

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